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Emil Haussmann
Emil Haussmann (11 October 1910 in Ravensburg – 31 July 1947 in Nuremberg) was a German SS-''Sturmbannführer'', in ''Einsatzkommando'' 12 of ''Einsatzgruppe'' D, which perpetrated the Holocaust in occupied Ukraine. Haussmann was accused in 1947 at the ''Einsatzgruppen'' Trial. He avoided prosecution by committing suicide.
==Life==
Emil Haussmann was the son of an accountant in Ravensburg.〔Werner Haussmann: ''Das Haußmann-Buch.'' Nürtingen 1994, p. 712〕 Haussmann joined the joined the NSDAP in January 1930〔Haussmann's NSDAP join date differs depending on the source: ''Einsatzgruppen in Polen'', p. 39 and Hilary Earl: ''The Nuremberg SS-Einsatzgruppen Trial''. Cambridge 2009, p. 126 - "Table 4 - Joining Date of Defendants", give 1932 as his join date.〕 – three years before the ''Machtergreifung'' – at the age of 19. He was a grade school teacher. In 1937, he became a full-time employee of the ''Sicherheitsdienst'' (SD), and took over the SD-Oberabschnitt Southwest, based in the Judenreferat in Stuttgart.〔 Klaus-Michael Mallmann, Jochen Böhler und Jürgen Matthäus: ''Einsatzgruppen in Polen''. WBG, Stuttgart 2008, p. 39-40.〕
During the Invasion of Poland, Haussmann was part of ''Einsatzgruppe'' VI. There he was the "right hand man" for Albert Rapp. Commanding this ''Einsatzgruppe'' was Erich Naumann, who later became a co-defendant of Haussmann. After the end of hostilities, Haussmann remained with Rapp in Poland; Rapp led the Umwandererzentralstelle in Posen. This office coordinated the expulsion of Poles, Ukrainians and Jews in Reichsgau Wartheland, Reichsgau Danzig-West Prussia, East Upper Silesia and Aktion Zamość.〔
Haussmann took part in ''Einsatzkommando'' 12 during the invasion of the Soviet Union. In 1947 he was one of 24 defendants at the ''Einsatzgruppen'' Trial. On 29 July 1947, he received the indictment along with his co-defendants: (1) crimes against humanity, (2) war crimes, and (3) membership in a criminal organization. Two days later, before the arraignment, Haussmann committed suicide in his cell,〔Hilary Earl: ''The Nuremberg SS-Einsatzgruppen Trial''. Cambridge 2009, p. 9〕 and was removed from the process.〔''Trials of War Criminals Before the Nuernberg Military Tribunals Under Control Council Law No. 10'', Vol. 4: ''United States of America vs. Otto Ohlendorf, et. al. (Case 9: „Einsatzgruppen Case“)''. United States Government Printing Office, District of Columbia 1950, p. 24〕 Thus, he was the only defendant at the ''Einsatzgruppen'' trial who escaped a sentence.
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